|
|
Accusative-Dative |
Instrumental-Ablative |
||||
|
Sing.
|
Du. |
Plur. |
Sing. |
Du. |
Plur. |
|
|
No Lative Element Acc-Ins |
-m |
-meh |
-ns (<ms) |
-bhi |
-bhih |
-bhis |
|
Lative Element -o Lat-Abl |
-mo -ei |
-moh |
-mos |
-bio |
-bioh |
-bhios |
*Note: -ei would have been derived from
the Locative form, and the -e- element may not have been -o- for
whatever reason. Anatolian evidence, especially with regards to
Hittite, is that the dative and locative endings were the same,
though they had -a for the Allative (which may have been the origin
of the Dative case elsewhere).
For Hittites Allative -a, its hard to
tell whether or not this represents an -he element or an -o element,
as it underwent the o>a shift. At least as far as we can tell
from its transcription into cuneiform.
Hittite also as:
Ablative -az (-ats)
Instrumental -it
It's hard for me to say the origin of
the Ablative ending, though its definitely not from the Genitive -as
ending. The /ts/ element is often a result of ti>ts, like in
-anti>-anza. Not sure if this is the result of the same change or
not.
*Note: Accusative dual forms merged
with Nominative dual forms, this may have always been this way;
though the above postulation for a seperate accusative dual form is
based on the dative dual forms, and is entirely speculation. As is
the Ablative dual/plural forms (though Instrumental singular -mi
forms are attested from Baltic and Slavic evidence).
